The Central Dogma Of Molecular Biology - 1988 Words

In 1956, Francis Crick first described what he called â€Å"The central dogma of molecular biology.† This essentially describes the flow of genetic information within cells. It states that DNA is transcribed into RNA with the help of an RNA polymerase enzyme. The RNA is then translated into a protein by protein synthesis. One thing that could drastically alter the genetic information within cells is a process called gene silencing. This process regulates the gene expression of certain genes and can occur in either transcription or translation. The process has been coined RNA interference and dsRNA gene silencing (Davidson and McCray Jr. 2011). Since direct evidence of double stranded RNA’s role in gene silencing was found in 1998 by researchers Fire and Mello, this topic has been the focus of much research in areas such as biomedical research, health care, and even agriculture. Double stranded RNA has been found to play a crucial role in things such as pest control , vector borne disease prevention, crop improvement, and in the development of therapeutics for different diseases through gene silencing. Although much research has been focused on the effects of gene silencing, there is still much more needing to be done. Double stranded RNA (dsRNA) consists of two complementary strands similar to those of DNA found in all cells. DsRNA is an important part of gene function and expression in eukaryotes and is also found as the genetic material of some viruses. It is known toShow MoreRelatedThe Central Dogma Of Molecular Biology Essay1191 Words   |  5 PagesAs we know, the central dogma of molecular biology furnishes how DNA makes RNA and further RNA into protein. This process gives us the holistic view and the progression of genetic information within the biological system. On the other hand, at the molecular level, a various stage process is essential for a gene to be expressed and to produce a functional protein. In this event, the primary step involves the making of DNA sequence into an mRNA sequence termed as â€Å"Transcription† and in the later stageRead MoreThe Importance Of Non-Coding Rnas1468 Words   |  6 Pagesof non-protein-coding RNAs produced by what is now termed â€Å"per vasive genomic transcription†, has left scientists with more questions than answers and presents challenges to the core assumptions that were once the solid foundations of modern molecular biology and genetics, furthering complexity of genomics. The function of these non-protein-coding RNAs has not been fully evaluated and the methods of doing so are still in question; however, there is evidence suggesting overall functionality of non-codingRead MoreThe Importance Of Rnas In Molecular Biology741 Words   |  3 PagesA lot has been discovered in the world of molecular biology especially revelations of the RNA world. Non-coding RNAs form a major part of it. A lot more of the human genome is transcribed than as initially thought and regulation is one of the major processes the non-coding RNAs (which though transcribed do not end up producing proteins) perform. These regulatory RNAs can be small like miRNAs, siRNAs, snRNAs of the spliceosome, snoRNAs for large RNA processing etc. or they can be long as in the caseRead MoreRole Of Ncrna1184 Words   |  5 PagesThe central dogma of biology holds that genetic information generally results from DNA to RNA to protein., this directional view has been changed by the emergence of non-coding RNAs(ncRNA) in gene expression. ncRNA is small RNA that constitute a large family of RNA that do not code for protein formerly seen as a waste, but that does not mean that these RNA does not have a biological function. Most importantly, they are shown to be implicated in the regulation of transcription and post-transcriptionRead MoreA Cell Bio Problem Set 11411 Words   |  6 Pagesphysics and chemistry? What would be your answer today? Living organisms contain molecular and cellular machinery that maintain homeostasis. 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Prokaryotes follows the central dogma of molecular biology first proposed by Francis Crick in 1958 to synthesize proteins from mRNA through a process called translation and the mRNA is being synthesized from the DNA by another process called Transcription. Temperature, nutrient availibity areRead MoreThe Discovery Of The Double Helix And Dna979 Words   |  4 PagesDNA is the central dogma of modern biology, it is present in all living things from bacteria to mammals. DNA carries the genetic information of the organism and is used in processes like mitosis, meiosis and protein production. The reason as to why I chose this topic specifically is because it is central to my favourite aspect of biology, genetics. Prior to the discover of the double helix and DNA itself there was some information and experiments done on genetics with what little knowledge theyRead MoreA Study On The Lac Operon1332 Words   |  6 Pagesknown DNA-binding motifs. Question #3. RNA interference is defined as a type of gene silencing in which the mRNA transcript is prevented from being translated. RNAi involves the production of siRNAs and is the most common. RNAi is used to create molecular methods to cure diseases such as Huntington’s and Alzheimer’s, deadly viral infections and cancer. They can stop the progression of these deadly diseases or stop it at an early stage. RNAi has also been used for the biological control of crop production